Analysis on Extracellular Vesicles Using the 96.96 IFC with SNP Type Assays as Quality Control for Biobanks

Abstract

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) are variations in the human DNA that change one letter in the codon. These variations change person to person, therefore, studying these changes can aid in personalization of medications and ensure that researchers have obtained the correct samples from biobanks. This study analyzes the possibility of utilizing SNP genotyping on extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are released by cells into the interstitial fluid and transport a variety of cellular components, including proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, DNA, and lipids. Due to their essential role in intercellular communication, EVs hold promise as diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic agents, and drug delivery systems. In cancer diagnostics, EVs could assist in early disease identification and biomarker development as their content closely resembles that of their parent cells. In this study, SNP investigations were enhanced through the application of microfluidics PCR and SNP assay methodologies, utilizing a 96.96 dynamic array IFC and Biomark HD PCR device. Our research encompassed multiple experiments, adjusting various parameters to observe differences in the confidence and call rates of
SNPs present in each sample. The results vary based on some loading errors during the process of pipetting, sometimes preventing SNPs from being called, as well as limited reagents for certain SNPs. Overall, SNP genotyping on extracellular vesicles is a possible solution in ensuring researchers have obtained the right samples and aiding in personalization of medications.